Wat zijn de gezondheidsvoordelen en toepassingen van kruidnagelolie?

Kruidnagelolie wordt gewonnen uit de kruidnagelboom. Het is stoom gedestilleerd uit kruidnagelknoppen die een scherpe, doordringende geur hebben. Het komt oorspronkelijk uit Zuidoost-Azië en wordt al eeuwenlang gebruikt om pijn te behandelen die verband houdt met gebitsproblemen.

Kruidnagelolie zou antioxiderende, antimicrobiële, schimmelwerende, ontstekingsremmende en anesthetische eigenschappen bezitten (1), (2). Het kan ook helpen bij het behandelen van huidaandoeningen, het bevorderen van de spijsvertering en het versterken van het immuunsysteem. Dit artikel bespreekt de mogelijke gezondheidsvoordelen, toepassingen en bijwerkingen van kruidnagelolie. Lees verder om meer te weten.

12 toepassingen en voordelen van kruidnagelolie

1. Kan kiespijn verlichten

Essentiële olie van kruidnagel kan gaatjes helpen voorkomen en orale pijn verlichten. Traditioneel wordt het gebruikt om kiespijn te verlichten. Het wordt ook gebruikt voor tandheelkundige noodsituaties zoals mond- of keelontsteking. Van kruidnagelolie is ook gemeld dat het wordt gebruikt bij de bereiding van bepaalde tandpasta en mondwater (3). Eugenol, een aromatische olieachtige vloeistof die wordt gewonnen uit kruidnagelolie, wordt gebruikt als kalmerend middel bij tandheelkundige ingrepen (4). Kruidnagel heeft ook eigenschappen die tandplak tegengaan. Het kan de groei van de orale bacteriën remmen die tandplak kunnen veroorzaken (5).

Essentiële olie van kruidnagel bleek ook anticariogene en cytotoxische activiteit te vertonen tegen een groot aantal orale pathogenen (6). Eugenol en eugenylacetaat zijn de twee actieve componenten in essentiële kruidnagelolie die ontkalking of tanderosie helpen voorkomen (7). Kruidnagelolie is het meest effectief tegen micro-organismen die tandcariës veroorzaken (8).

2. Kan helpen bij de behandeling van huidziekten en acne

Kruidnagelolie zou werken tegen Propionibacterium acnes, bacteriën die acne veroorzaken (9). Er zijn echter meer studies in deze lijn nodig om tot verdere conclusies te komen.

Een studie uitgevoerd door de afdeling Dermatologie, Caïro, Egypte, wees uit dat kruidnagelolie effectief was bij de plaatselijke behandeling van chronische jeuk (10).

Een andere studie uitgevoerd door het Mansoura University Hospital, Egypte, vond dat plaatselijke toepassing van kruidnageloliecrème zou kunnen helpen bij de behandeling van chronische anale kloven (11).

3. Kan pijnstillende eigenschappen hebben

Massage met kruidnagelolie bleek de rugpijn bij postnatale moeders effectief te verminderen (12). Kruidnagelolie zou pijnstillende eigenschappen hebben die kiespijn en gewrichtspijn verminderen door de calcium- en chloridekanalen in de lymfeklieren te activeren (13). Het eugenol in kruidnagel is ook bestudeerd vanwege zijn pijnstillende effecten (14). Kruidnagelolie kan ook de pijn bij muizen verlichten (15).

Een andere studie uitgevoerd door Kuwait University wees uit dat kruidnagelgel het potentieel heeft om benzocaïne te vervangen als lokaal anestheticum (16).

4. Kan de spijsvertering bevorderen

Kruidnagelolie kan misselijkheid, braken en reisziekte helpen verlichten, dankzij de anti-irriterende en verzachtende eigenschappen (17). Het eugenol in etherische olie van kruidnagel heeft het vermogen om de synthese van slijm te stimuleren, een belangrijke gastroprotectieve factor (18). Er is echter verder onderzoek nodig om het gebruik ervan bij de behandeling van maagzweren te begrijpen.

5. Kan het immuunsysteem versterken

Het eugenol in kruidnagel beschermt de celmembranen tegen schade door vrije radicalen en oxidatieve stress (19). In één dierstudie zou de olie ook een beschermende rol kunnen spelen tegen door straling veroorzaakte oxidatieve stress (20). Kruidnagelolie zou ontstekingsremmende effecten hebben. Een studie toonde aan dat kruidnagelolie een dosisafhankelijk ontstekingsremmend effect heeft op Wistar-ratten (21). Ook bleek de olie antinociceptieve en antipyretische effecten te hebben bij muizen (22).

6. Kan antimicrobiële eigenschappen hebben

Essentiële olie van kruidnagel is een krachtige bron van antimicrobiële verbindingen die vooral werken tegen bacteriële pathogenen (23). De olie kan effectief zijn bij het stoppen van de groei van verschillende soorten bacteriën en ook tegen pathogenen van de luchtwegen (24). Kruidnagelolie bleek ook te werken tegen de klinische stammen van Escherichia-spoel , een specifieke bacterie die zeer resistent is tegen verschillende antibiotica (25). Een studie uitgevoerd door de Seafood Microbiology and Technology Section, Spanje, wees uit dat essentiële kruidnagelolie op efficiënte wijze Staphylococcus aureus biofilms doodde (26) .

Bovendien werkt kruidnagelolie tegen Candida albicans die spruw, voetschimmel en vaginale schimmelinfecties veroorzaakt. Het eugenol in kruidnagelolie zou een anticandidaal effect kunnen hebben (27). Een studie uitgevoerd door de Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University wees uit dat een combinatie van aciclovir Een studie uitgevoerd door de Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University wees uit dat een combinatie van aciclovir (een antiviraal geneesmiddel) en kruidnagel bij muizen de herpes simplex virale infectie zou kunnen behandelen (28). Een etherische oliemengsel met kruidnagelolie kan het griepvirus aanzienlijk verzwakken. De virussen die met het oliemengsel waren behandeld, vertoonden minimale expressie van virale eiwitten. Dit betekent dat kruidnagelolie het vermogen zou kunnen hebben om bepaalde virussen te bestrijden die infecties veroorzaken (29).

7. Kan werken als insectenwerend middel

Kruidnagelolie kan als insectenwerend middel werken en door vectoren overgedragen ziekten voorkomen (bij mensen veroorzaakt door een parasiet) (30). Een studie wees uit dat de componenten van etherische olie van kruidnagel mogelijk nuttig kunnen zijn bij de productie van insectenwerende middelen voor lichaamsluizen (31). Kruidnagelolie kan ook een afstotende werking hebben tegen Japanse termieten (32).

Een studie uitgevoerd door de Mahidol University, Thailand, wees uit dat essentiële olie van kruidnagel Leptotrombidium-vlooien , een soort larven, zou kunnen afstoten. De olie kan ook een veiliger en goedkoper alternatief zijn voor synthetische insectenwerende middelen die bijwerkingen kunnen veroorzaken (33). Essentiële olie van kruidnagel vertoonde ook afstoting tegen Leptotrombidium deliense , een andere soort larven (34). Ook bleek een formulering met etherische olie van kruidnagel effectief te zijn tegen de Aedes aegypti- mug (35).

Het eugenol in kruidnagelolie zou ook kunnen werken als een veelbelovend alternatief voor gewone insecticiden (36). Eugenol, eugenolacetaat en beta-caryofylleen, de bioactieve chemicaliën in kruidnagel, bleken het vermogen te hebben om rode vuurmieren af ​​te weren (37).

8. Kan maagpijn verminderen

Er is voorgesteld dat het eugenol in kruidnagelolie gunstig is voor gastro-intestinale klachten, zoals buikpijn. Het wordt ook gebruikt voor de behandeling van hoest, slijm en congestie op de borst (38). Kruidnagel kan worden gebruikt om maagpijn te verminderen. Er zijn echter beperkte gegevens beschikbaar om deze bewering te ondersteunen.

9. Kan de cardiovasculaire gezondheid versterken

Clove oil may help boost cardiovascular health. Traditionally, it is known to improve blood circulation. A rat study showed that the eugenol in the oil dilated cerebral arteries. This, in humans, may mean a reduced risk of stroke (39). In rats, treatment with eugenol could lower blood pressure levels and even slow down the heart rate (40). In another study, high-fructose-fed rats, when given clove essential oil, showed an improvement in fatty liver. The oil could also regulate cholesterol levels in the rats. The study suggests the possible cardioprotective properties of clove oil (41).

In diabetic rats, clove oil could also show cardioprotective effects. This could be because of the oil’s antioxidant properties (42). Another study concludes that eugenol could be therapeutically useful as an antihypertensive agent (43).

10. May Promote Hair Growth

Eugenol is known to stimulate the hair roots. A formulation containing clove oil was found to condition hair and enhance its growth. It could repair the hair shaft (44). However, more studies in this line are needed to reach further conclusions.

11. May Have Anticancer Properties

Eugenol was identified as one of the agents that could have anticancer properties. It may also prevent the proliferation of cancer cells and can help with cancer cell death (apoptosis) (45).

In another study, eugenol could suppress the growth of melanoma or skin cancer. Eugenol treatment could reduce tumor size by 40% and also delayed the growth of tumors (46). The National Toxicology Program based on several long term carcinogenicity studies concluded that eugenol was not carcinogenic to rats (47). Similar observations could be expected in humans as well.

In another study, clove extract was found to inhibit tumor growth. It could be a novel treatment for colorectal cancer (48).

However, it is important to practice caution, as eugenol may also have certain prooxidant properties. The compound may cause allergies and other inflammatory reactions (49).

12. May Act As An Aphrodisiac

In studies on male mice, extracts of clove (along with nutmeg) could enhance sexual behavior (50). In another study, 50% ethanolic extract of clove produced a significant and sustained increase in the sexual activity of normal male rats. The extract also caused no adverse effects (51). However, more studies are warranted in this regard.

These are the major benefits of clove oil. The oil also has other important uses, which we will explore in the following section.

Other Uses of Clove Oil

• Clove oil blended with cinnamon, orange, nutmeg, or vanilla oils can lift one’s spirits. Using this warming blend in a diffuser will soon fill the room and may also relieve stress.
• Anecdotal evidence suggests that sniffing the spicy aroma of cloves reduces drowsiness and fatigue, irritability, and headaches. It may stimulate the mind and also increase memory recall.
• Cloves encourage the loosening of phlegm from the respiratory system. They also promote sweating during fevers, colds, and flu, which can be very healing. Clove oil is often used in remedies for coughs.
• Like many culinary spices, clove may help relax the smooth muscle lining of the digestive tract. A few drops of the oil in water can relieve nausea. Clove tea may help treat diarrhea, gas, bloating, and intestinal spasms.
• Clove oil stimulates circulation and blood flow to the skin. This may help those with cold extremities.
• Clove oil is as effective as oil of oregano in treating athlete’s foot, nail fungus, and other skin problems. It can be applied directly to the skin or nails (unless the skin is sensitive or broken, wherein it must be diluted with extra virgin olive oil or unrefined coconut oil).
• One drop of clove oil applied to the roof of the mouth may relieve headaches. However, more research is warranted in this regard.
• Clove oil is long used in aromatherapy to relieve pain. For general pain relief, add 3 drops of clove oil to 1 teaspoon of coconut oil or extra virgin olive oil. Apply it to the pain areas.
• A band-aid soaked in a few drops of clove oil can help treat warts. Applying the band-aid to warts may help dissolve them if done regularly for a few weeks.

Clove oil is popularly known as a remedy for toothache. Using oil to relieve tooth pain is simple. Check the following section

How To Use Clove Oil To Treat A Toothache?

Dentists use clove oil as an oral anesthetic and also to disinfect root canals. The oil stops the toothache when dropped into the oral cavity. For temporary relief, dip a cotton swab in clove oil and apply it to the affected tooth. Adding a clove or two to a cup of tea can work miracles on a toothache.

Here is how you can use clove oil to relieve your toothache:

• Dilute a few drops of clove oil in an edible carrier oil, such as olive or coconut oils.
• Dab a clean cotton ball into the solution, and allow it to soak in it.
• Avoiding contact with your gums, apply the cotton ball to the sore tooth. It may take a few minutes of application for you to feel the relief.
• Apply every 2 hours or as necessary.

You can use clove oil in various other ways to achieve its benefits. In the following section we have discussed its most popular uses.

How To Use Clove Oil?

Spray

Using the clove oil as a spray is an easy way to add the clove scent to your room. Clove oil possesses antimicrobial properties, and you can also use it as a mild disinfectant.

To make a clove spray:

• Add several drops of clove oil to water. You would need 10 to 15 drops of clove oil per ounce of water to prepare the spray.
• Add it to a spray bottle. Be sure to shake the bottle well before spraying.

Diffuser

You can also use the oil in a diffuser. While diffusing clove oil, carefully follow the instructions that come with the diffuser. Make sure the room is well-ventilated when you diffuse the clove oil.

Topically

You can apply clove oil to your skin to achieve different benefits.

Massage oils

Use 15 drops of clove oil per ounce of carrier oil to create a 2.5 percent solution of massage oil. This solution can be used as a massage oil for pain relief.

Creams, scrubs, or lotions

For use on normal skin, you need 1 to 2.5 percent dilution of clove oil. For sensitive skin, you need 0.5 to 1 percent dilution of the oil. This diluted solution has no aroma and can be used in the preparation of several scrubs, lotions, or creams.

How Do You Use Clove Oil For Hair Growth?

There is not enough information in this regard. But anecdotal evidence suggests that clove oil acts as a natural remedy to promote hair growth as it contains a number of vital vitamins and minerals. Massaging diluted clove oil into your scalp may boost blood circulation. This could ensure more nutrients and oxygen are supplied to your scalp and hair follicles. To experience the benefits of clove essential oil for hair growth, you can indulge in a hot oil treatment or apply a DIY hair mask prepared with clove oil.

Though clove oil is well studied for its benefits, it may not be suitable for all. The oil may cause side effects in some.

Are There Any Side Effects Of Using Clove Oil?

Clove oil may cause local irritation, rare allergic reactions, and contact dermatitis in some individuals. More severe effects include tissue injury and acute onset of seizures, coma, and damage to the liver and kidneys (52). Clove essential oil is generally recognized as a safe substance when consumed in concentrations lower than 1500 mg/kg. The World Health Organization (WHO) established that the daily quantity acceptable of clove per day is 2.5 mg for every kg of body weight in humans (53).

Hepatotoxicity

High doses of eugenol may harm the liver and kidneys, as per some rat studies. Several instances of severe acute liver and kidney injury have been reported after an accidental overdose of eugenol containing herbal products, largely in infants (54), (55).

May Cause Skin irritation

Excess usage of clove oil can cause skin irritation in some people. Eugenol is an effective substance that is incorporated into many dental products. Contact dermatitis due to this chemical is not unusual. However, true serious allergic reactions are extremely rare (56).

As a primary irritant and sensitizer, eugenol is known to cause contact urticaria as well as chronic urticaria (rashes with dangerous swelling) (57). If you are concerned about your sensitivity to this essential oil, do a patch test before using it. Apply a small amount of diluted clove oil to the inside of your elbow. If you notice signs of skin irritation, like redness, itching, or swelling, don’t use clove oil topically.

May Cause Allergies

It is very rare to have an allergic reaction due to clove oil. The eugenol in the oil may cause oral irritation and heat sensation on the tongue (58).

Drug Interactions

Medications that slow blood clotting (anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs) interact with clove. Hence, avoid using clove oil if you are taking any anticoagulants. Acetyl eugenol, a component of clove oil (Syzygium aromaticum L.), inhibits platelet aggregation in humans. This could lead to bleeding (59), (60).

Avoid using clove oil if you have had a recent major surgery, peptic ulcers, or bleeding disorders, such as hemophilia.

You can buy clove oil from your nearest health store. But before you make a purchase, you need to keep a few things in mind.

What To Look For When Buying Clove Oil

Look for a purity statement on the label

Try to buy 100 percent clove essential oil and look for other ingredients listed (if any).

Don’t go by the marketing hype

Generally, essential oils are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the same way as drugs. Hence, you should be more cautious of any oil that claims to cure a specific condition.

Make sure the clove oil is in a dark glass bottle

Light has the potential to damage essential oils. Dark glass helps keep the light out. Always ensure your product comes packaged in a dark glass bottle.

If you can, smell it before buying it

Clove essential oil has a unique fragrance. Smell it before buying. If it does not smell natural, avoid purchasing it.

Conclusion

Clove oil possesses many therapeutic properties and has several health benefits. From dealing with dental problems to treating cardiovascular issues, this essential oil can improve human health in various ways. However, excess usage may cause several side effects. Hence, limit its use and consult your doctor if you experience any adverse effects.

Expert’s Answers For Readers’ Questions

Can you drink clove oil?

Ingestion of clove oil can be dangerous. Clove oil ingestion may result in coma, fits, and acute liver damage (61).

Can clove oil damage teeth?

Clove oil is generally considered safe for teeth.

How often can I use clove oil on my tooth?

If you are suffering from toothache, you can use it every 3-5 hours for relief. If you have multiple pain points in your mouth after a dental procedure, you can add a few drops of clove oil to coconut oil and swirl it in your mouth.

Does clove oil help you sleep?

The oil contains eugenol that is a mild anesthetic. It may aid in sleeping. Apply a few drops of warm clove oil with some carrier oil on your forehead for better sleep.

Can you apply clove oil directly to the skin?

First, do a patch test after diluting the oil with a carrier oil. If there is no reaction, you can apply clove oil to your skin.

How long does clove oil take to work?

Clove oil may soothe a toothache and relieve pain within minutes. It generally takes 5-10 minutes to work.

61 sources

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